Mycoplasma Hominis

Mycoplasma hominis is a microorganism from the family of mycoplasmas, known for causing infections in the human urogenital tract. Given the potential complications it can cause, testing for this bacterium is essential. Suppose you suspect an infection or wish to check your status. In that case, you can schedule a test at the specialized IntroLab laboratory in Belgrade, where experts will quickly and efficiently determine the presence of this microorganism.

When is the Mycoplasma Hominis test conducted?

Testing for Mycoplasma Hominis is recommended for:

• Individuals with symptoms of genital infections
• Pregnant women
• Couples facing fertility issues
• Those at risk of sexually transmitted infections

Therefore, the test may be part of routine screening for sexually transmitted diseases, especially when entering a new sexual relationship or with multiple partners.

What are Mycoplasmas?

Mycoplasmas are a specific type of bacteria that differ from others because they lack a cell wall. This absence makes them very flexible and capable of taking various shapes. It also renders them resistant to many antibiotics that target cell walls, such as penicillin. Mycoplasmas are among the smallest prokaryotic organisms capable of independent life. Many species are parasites in host organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. Because they are so small and lack many structures found in other bacteria, they have simple metabolic pathways and typically require specific growth conditions, usually within a host.

Which infections do Mycoplasmas cause?

Mycoplasmas can cause a range of infections in humans:

• Mycoplasma Pneumoniae can lead to atypical pneumonia, often called “walking pneumonia.” This lung infection is usually milder but may last longer.
• Mycoplasma Genitalium is known to cause urogenital tract infections.
• Mycoplasma Hominis and Ureaplasma Urealyticum can cause reproductive system infections, such as uterine or vaginal inflammation in women and urethritis in men.

Infections can often be asymptomatic, meaning a person may be infected without showing symptoms. Due to this asymptomatic nature and resistance to certain antibiotics, diagnosing and treating mycoplasma infections can be challenging.

What are the symptoms of Mycoplasma Hominis infection?

When symptoms are present, they usually depend on the infection site. Mycoplasma Hominis often infects the urogenital tract but can also cause other infections.

For women:

• Vaginal discharge that may be heavy, clear, or milky
• Itching, burning, or irritation in the vagina
• Pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse
• Unusual vaginal odor, which may be unpleasant
• Lower abdominal pain
• Frequent urination or burning during urination

For men:

• Urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), which may cause burning during urination
• Discharge from the penis
• Swelling or redness at the tip of the penis

Mycoplasma Hominis can coexist with other urogenital pathogens, complicating the symptoms. If anyone exhibits signs of infection or any sexually transmitted infection, they should consult a doctor for testing and potential treatment.

How is Mycoplasma Hominis transmitted?

Mycoplasma Hominis is primarily transmitted through sexual contact. The infection can be passed during vaginal or anal sex with an infected person. There is also a possibility of transmission from mother to newborn during childbirth if the mother is infected.

How is it treated?

Treatment of the infection involves using antibiotics. The antibiotic choice depends on the bacteria’s sensitivity, the presence of other infections, and the patient’s clinical condition.

Partners of individuals diagnosed with a Mycoplasma Hominis infection should also be tested and, if necessary, treated to prevent reinfection. During treatment, it is advised to refrain from sexual intercourse until the infection is fully cleared to avoid spreading the bacteria.

What are the consequences of untreated infection?

Untreated Mycoplasma Hominis infection can lead to several complications in both women and men. These complications can be serious and affect different parts of the body:

For women:

• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
• Infection of the fallopian tubes
• Pregnancy complications

For men:

• Epididymitis
• Prostatitis
• Urethritis

Preventing Mycoplasma infections

To reduce the risk of mycoplasma infections, it is recommended to use protective measures such as condoms during sexual activity. It is also essential to be aware of potential risk factors and avoid products that can disrupt the natural balance and pH of the vagina, as this can increase susceptibility to infections. Consulting with a specialist before using any product or medication is always advisable to ensure optimal health and prevent infections.

Preparation for the test

Before testing for Mycoplasma Hominis, avoid sexual activity and the use of any vaginal creams or lotions for 24 hours. If you are taking antibiotics or other medications for genital infections, inform your doctor. Ideally, avoid testing during menstruation.