HDV IgM

At IntroLab, we offer the HDV IgM test used for detecting IgM antibodies specific to the hepatitis D virus (HDV). This test is an integral part of our comprehensive diagnostic services.

What is HDV IgM?

HDV IgM refers to immunoglobulin M antibodies that are specific to the hepatitis D virus (HDV). These antibodies are among the first to be produced by the immune system in response to a new infection, indicating a recent or acute HDV infection.

Detecting HDV IgM antibodies in the blood often points to a newly acquired HDV infection, which is critical for early detection and treatment of the disease. In the case of hepatitis D, testing for HDV IgM allows doctors to differentiate between acute and chronic infections, as these antibodies typically disappear a few months after infection, whereas IgG antibodies can remain in the system for a longer time.

What is Hepatitis D?

Hepatitis D, also referred to as delta hepatitis, is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). This virus is unique because it cannot cause infection independently; it needs the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to replicate. People who are already infected with HBV can contract HDV, which can result in more severe and serious liver disease than HBV infection alone. Getting vaccinated against hepatitis B can also help protect against hepatitis D infection.

What is the difference between acute and chronic infection?

An acute infection is a short-term condition that typically lasts from a few weeks to a few months, with symptoms appearing soon after exposure to the virus. Many acute infections can resolve on their own without medical intervention. In contrast, a chronic infection is long-lasting and can persist for years or even a lifetime due to the continuous presence of the infectious agent in the body. Chronic infections can lead to permanent organ damage and often require long-term treatment.

How is the virus transmitted?

The hepatitis D virus is transmitted through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, most commonly through blood.

Types of tests

When managing a hepatitis D infection, in addition to the HDV IgM test, there are two other important tests:

• The HDV Ag test is used to detect the hepatitis D virus antigen, which indicates an active infection.
• The HDV Total Antibody test detects all classes of antibodies (IgM and IgG) against HDV, indicating a current, past, or chronic infection.

Using these three key tests together enables accurate diagnosis and monitoring of hepatitis D infection, which is essential for the proper management of this serious viral liver disease.