Mycoplasma genitalium (urethral, vaginal, cervical swab; urine, ejaculate, prostate secretion)

The Mycoplasma genitalium test (urethral, vaginal, cervical swab; urine, ejaculate, prostate secretion) involves collecting samples from various parts of the urogenital tract to detect the presence of this bacterium. At IntroLab you can schedule this test, where our expert team provides precise diagnostic services to ensure accurate and reliable results. Your health is our priority, and IntroLab is here to help you take care of it.

When is the mycoplasma genitalium test (urethral, vaginal, cervical swab; urine, ejaculate, prostate secretion) performed?

The mycoplasma genitalium test is performed when there is suspicion of infection based on clinical symptoms or as part of screening for sexually transmitted infections, particularly in individuals at higher risk.

What is mycoplasma genitalium?

Mycoplasma genitalium is a bacterium first identified in 1980 and is recognized as a cause of various urogenital tract infections in both men and women. It is one of the smallest known free-living organisms and lacks a cell wall, which makes it resistant to many antibiotics that target bacterial cell walls, such as beta-lactams.

This bacterium can cause a range of symptoms, but many people who are infected do not show any symptoms. In men, the infection can cause urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), while in women, it can lead to cervicitis (inflammation of the cervix), endometritis (inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus), and salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes), increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy and infertility.

How is it transmitted?

Mycoplasma genitalium is most commonly transmitted through sexual contact.

• Sexual transmission: This is the primary mode of transmission. The infection can be spread through unprotected vaginal, anal, or, to a lesser extent, oral sex with an infected person.
• Vertical transmission: In addition to sexual transmission, vertical transmission is possible, meaning transmission from mother to child during childbirth. If a woman is infected with Mycoplasma genitalium during pregnancy or childbirth, there is a risk that the newborn may become infected while passing through the birth canal.

Prevention

Using condoms during sexual intercourse is one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of Mycoplasma genitalium. Additionally, pregnant women should be tested for the presence of this bacterium to reduce the risk of vertical transmission to the newborn.

How is the infection diagnosed?

To diagnose a Mycoplasma genitalium infection, a sample of tissue or fluid is taken from the patient’s urogenital tract. This can be a urethral, vaginal, or cervical swab, as well as urine, ejaculate, or prostate secretion. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) tests are most commonly used to detect the bacterium’s DNA.

How is it treated?

Due to its resistance to many antibiotics, a Mycoplasma genitalium infection can be challenging to treat. However, some antibiotics, such as azithromycin and moxifloxacin, have proven to be effective. It is important to note that testing for antibiotic resistance is recommended before starting treatment to ensure that the correct antibiotic is used.

Preparation for the mycoplasma genitalium test

Preparation for the test depends on the type of sample being collected. Here are some general recommendations for preparation:

Urethral swab (men) and cervical/vaginal swab (women):

• Patients are usually advised not to urinate for at least 1-2 hours before the swab is taken.
• Women may be advised to avoid having a swab taken during menstruation, as the presence of blood can interfere with the test.
• Avoid using vaginal creams, gels, sprays, tampons, or any other products that might interfere with sample collection for at least 24 hours before testing.

Urine:

• Do not urinate for at least 1-2 hours before providing the sample.
• When giving the sample, first release a small amount of urine into the toilet, then collect the middle portion of the urine in a sterile container.

Ejaculate or prostate secretion:

• It is recommended to abstain from sexual activity (including masturbation) for 2-5 days before providing the sample, but no longer than 7 days, to ensure an optimal amount of sperm in the sample.
• Avoid using any lubricants or creams that may contaminate the sample.